Main and primary name of God is 'AUM'
"Mayest Thou (AUM)* O God, Who art (Mitra), Friend of all, (Varuna) Holiest of all, and (Aryama) Controller of the Universe, be merciful unto us. Mayest thou (Indra) O Lord Almighty, (Brihaspati) the Lord of the Universe, the Support of all, endow us with knowledge and power. Mayest thou (Vishnu) O Omnipresent and (Urukrama) Omnipotent Being, shower Thy blessings all around us."RIG VEDA.
"We bow unto Thee (Brahma), O most Powerful Supreme Being. Thou alone art our Omniscient God whom we feel in the interior of our hearts. I will call Thee, Thee alone, my true God, Thy will, as truly revealed in the Vedas, will I obey and preach. I will be truthful in word, deed and thought. Thou art my shelter. Mayest thou protect me - Thy servant - who speaketh nought but truth, so that my understanding be firm in Thy Will, and never turn away from it. Thy Will is Truth and Righteousness. That which is contrary to it is Untruth and Unrighteousness. Mayest Thou again shelter and protect me.** O Lord, be merciful and grant this, my prayer, for which I shall feel grateful unto Thee for ever and ever. Peace! Peace!! Peace!!!*
(In other words) Mayest Thou free us from all pain and grief, and always guide us to the path of rectitude which leads to true happiness, because Thou alone art true Bliss. Thou showerth blessings on all and bestoweth beatutude on the truly righteous seekers after Emancipation.** Mayest thou, O Lord! Thyself of Thy grace, reveal Thyself in the hearts of all men whereby all may avoid sin and vice, and follow truth and virtue, and consequently, be freed from pain and sorrow, and enjoy supreme bliss.
*Generally written and pronounced as 'OM'. I have, for brevity translated it into God, the detailed exposition of this word will follow later on. -Tr.
** This repetition is meant to emphasize the prayer for protection and shelter. Just as one, in ordinary language, says to another: "Go to the village go." By the repetition of the word 'go', he means to say - "go at once." Similarly, the devotee, by repeating this prayer for shelter and protection wishes to emphasize that he prays for immediate protection at His Hands, so that he may have firm faith in truth and righteousness and hate untruth and unrighteousness.
THE HIGHEST NAME OF GOD; AND OTHER NAMES
'AUM' is the highest name of God; it is composed of three letters, A, U, M. This one name comprises many other names of God. Thus, briefly:-
A stands for Viraat, Agni and Vishwa, etc. .
U stands for Hiranyagarbha, Vaayu and Tajjas, etc.
M stands for I'shwara, A'ditya and Prajnaa, etc.Vedas and other true Shastraas, that whatever they treat of God; all these names stand for Him.
"AUM is the Great God Who is omnipresent (like ether)." YAJUR VEDA 40: 17.
"He alone, whose name is AUM, Who is Immortal, is worthy of our adoration and none other." CHHANDOGYA UPANISHAD
"All the Vedas and the Shastraas declare AUM as the primary and natural name of God. All others are His secondary names." MANDUK UPANISHAD 1:1.
"He Whom all the Vedas declare worthy of homage, Whom all devotion and righteous actions lead to, and for Whose realization, the life of Brahmacharya (chastity) is led, is called AUM.
KATH UPANISHAD 7:15.
"He(GOD) , Who is the Teacher of all, subtler than the subtler tan the subtle, Resplendent, Who can be known through understanding begotten of Samadhi, i.e., 'superior condition' of the soul, when the mind is perfectly concentrated by means of psychical practices, is the Great Being."
"Being All-glorious, some call Him Agni. Being the Embodiment of all true knowledge, other call Him Manu. Other call Him Indra, being All-powerful and Protector of all. Others Pranaa, as the source of all-life. Others, again, call Him Brahma,* the Greatest of all beings." MANU 12: 122, 123.
* None of God Men's Names Meaningles Hey . They all Knnottive Hey , little Unlike what they were in the world , the whole mind Ware Very Often named the rich man - Lord OF Riches .
"He is called Brahma - the Creator* of the Universe; Vishnu - All-pervading; Rudra - Punisher of the wicked, whom he causes to weep; Shiva - Blissful and Benefactor of all; Akshara - Immortal, Omnipresent; Swaraati - Self-effulgent; Kaalaagni - Cause of the dissolution** of the world and Regulator of time; Chandramaa - the true Source of Hapiness." KAIVALYA UPNISHAD.
"He is One, but the wise call Him by different names; such as, Indra, Mitra, Varuna, Agni,*** Divya - One who pervades all the luminous bodies, the source of light; Suparnaa - the Protector and Preserver of the Universe, Whose work are perfect; Matrishwaa - Powerful like wind; Garutmaan - Mighty by nature.**** " RIG VEDA MANDAL 1-22, 164.
"He is Bhumi - the abode of all, etc." YAJUR VEDA, 13: 18.
"He is Indra, etc." ATHARVA VEDA 11:2,2,1.
"We bow unto thee, O praana - who controls and governs the whole universe, just as the vital forces in the body control and govern the whole physical system, etc." SAMA VEDA 7:3, 8,16 - 2,3,2.
AN ETYMOLOGICAL EXPOSITION OF THE VARIOUS NAMES OF GOD:-
- Agni (from the root anchu which signifies gati and worship. Gati means to know, to move or go, to realize) connotes God, because He is all-knowledge, Omniscient and worthy of adoration, fit subject to be known, sought after and realized.
- Vishwa (from vish to reside) means God, because all the world and the worldly objects dwell in Him and He resides in all of them.
- Hiranyagarbha (Hiranya - light and garbha - source) means One who is the source and support of all light and luminous bodies such as the sun. This is also substantiated by Yajur Veda, which says :-" In the beginning was Hiranyagarbha - the One Lord of the creation. He sustains the sun and the earth. We adore Him - the all Blissful Being." YAJUR VEDA 13: 4.
- Vaayu (from the root Va to move, to kill) means One who is the life and support of the Universe, the cause of its dissolution, mightier than the mightiest.
- Taijas (from Teja to shine or enlighten) is One who is Resplendent and gives light to the sun and other luminous bodies.
- Ishwar (from Ish - power, knowledge) is One whose knowledge and power are infinite.
- A'ditya (from a - not, do - to break, decay) is One who never dies or decays - is Immortal.
- Prajna (from Pre - perfectly and Jna - to know) One whose knowledge is perfect, Who is Omniscient.
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